Arduino Gas Leakage Detection and Safety Alert System Using MQ-2 Gas Sensor

This project illustrates a smart gas leakage detection and safety alert system built using an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The system integrates an MQ-2 gas sensor, IR sensor module, buzzer, relay module, and a bulb (representing an external appliance) to create an automated gas monitoring and emergency response setup.

Designed for home and industrial safety applications, the system detects the presence of LPG, methane, smoke, and other combustible gases and triggers an alarm while controlling connected electrical devices through a relay.

Key Components Used

Arduino Uno microcontroller
MQ-2 Gas Sensor module
IR Sensor module
5V Relay module
Buzzer (alarm indicator)
9V battery power supply
Bulb (load demonstration)

How the System Works

The MQ-2 gas sensor continuously monitors air quality.
When gas concentration exceeds a predefined threshold, the Arduino processes the signal.
The buzzer activates to provide an audible alert.
The relay module switches OFF/ON the connected appliance (bulb shown as demo load).
The IR sensor can be used for additional detection logic or automation control.

This setup ensures early gas leak detection, reducing risks of fire hazards and explosions.

Coding:

/*
  Arduino Gas Leakage Detection and Safety Alert System Using MQ-2 Gas Sensor

  This code is designed to interface with an MQ-2 gas sensor to detect gas
  leakage. The system will trigger a relay to activate an alarm and a buzzer
  when gas is detected. Additionally, it will monitor an IR sensor and a sound
  sensor for additional safety features.

  Connections:
  - MQ-2 Gas Sensor AO pin to Arduino A0
  - IR Sensor OUT pin to Arduino D2
  - Relay IN pin to Arduino D3
  - Sound Sensor OUT pin to Arduino D4
  - Buzzer PIN to Arduino D5
*/

const int gasSensorPin = A0;  // Analog pin for MQ-2 sensor
const int irSensorPin = 2;    // Digital pin for IR sensor
const int relayPin = 3;       // Digital pin for Relay
const int soundSensorPin = 4; // Digital pin for Sound sensor
const int buzzerPin = 5;      // Digital pin for Buzzer

void setup() {
  pinMode(gasSensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(irSensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(soundSensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);

  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  int gasLevel = analogRead(gasSensorPin);
  int irState = digitalRead(irSensorPin);
  int soundState = digitalRead(soundSensorPin);

  Serial.print("Gas Level: ");
  Serial.println(gasLevel);

  if (gasLevel > 300) { // Threshold for gas detection
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); // Activate relay
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, HIGH); // Activate buzzer
    Serial.println("Gas Detected! Alarm Activated.");
  } else {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW); // Deactivate relay
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW); // Deactivate buzzer
  }

  if (irState == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("IR Sensor Triggered!");
  }

  if (soundState == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Sound Detected!");
  }

  delay(1000); // Delay for stability
}

Key Features

Real-time gas detection
Automatic emergency alert system
Appliance control using relay module
Low-cost and easy-to-build safety solution
Suitable for homes, kitchens, labs, and industries
Battery-powered operation capability

Applications

Home kitchen gas leakage detection
Industrial gas monitoring systems
LPG cylinder safety systems
Smart home automation
Fire prevention systems
IoT-based environmental monitoring

Project Benefits

This Arduino gas detection system is an affordable and reliable solution for improving safety. It can be extended with GSM, IoT, or LoRa modules for remote alerts and smart monitoring applications.

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