This is a color-based musical instrument where 8 push buttons with colored LEDs trigger different musical notes through a buzzer, creating an interactive sound sequencer similar to a simplified piano or Simon Says game.

Step-by-Step Description

1. Hardware Components

Arduino Uno - Main controller
8 Push Buttons with Built-in LEDs - Color-coded input switches
- Red (x2)
- Orange
- Yellow
- Green
- Cyan
- Blue
- Purple
Passive Buzzer - Sound output device
Connecting Wires - Signal routing
Resistors (if needed) - Pull-down resistors for buttons

2. Color-Coded Button Layout

From Left to Right:

🔴 Red - Note C / Do
🟠 Orange - Note D / Re
🟡 Yellow - Note E / Mi
🟢 Green - Note F / Fa
🔵 Cyan - Note G / Sol
🔵 Blue - Note A / La
🟣 Purple - Note B / Ti
🔴 Red - Note C (High) / Do

3. Circuit Connections

diagram.json

{
  "version": 1,
  "author": "Uri Shaked",
  "editor": "wokwi",
  "parts": [
    { "type": "wokwi-arduino-uno", "id": "uno", "top": 185, "left": 71, "attrs": {} },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-buzzer",
      "id": "buzzer",
      "top": 220,
      "left": 380,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "volume": "0.2" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
      "id": "btn1",
      "top": 70,
      "left": 0,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "color": "red", "key": "1" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
      "id": "btn2",
      "top": 70,
      "left": 50,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "color": "orange", "key": "2" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
      "id": "btn3",
      "top": 70,
      "left": 100,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "color": "yellow", "key": "3" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
      "id": "btn4",
      "top": 70,
      "left": 150,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "color": "green", "key": "4" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
      "id": "btn5",
      "top": 70,
      "left": 200,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "color": "cyan", "key": "5" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
      "id": "btn6",
      "top": 70,
      "left": 250,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "color": "blue", "key": "6" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
      "id": "btn7",
      "top": 70,
      "left": 300,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "color": "purple", "key": "7" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
      "id": "btn8",
      "top": 70,
      "left": 350,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": { "color": "red", "key": "8" }
    }
  ],
  "connections": [
    [ "uno:GND.1", "buzzer:1", "black", [ "v-16", "*", "h-18" ] ],
    [ "uno:8", "buzzer:2", "gold", [ "v-24", "*", "h-10" ] ],
    [ "uno:12", "btn1:1.r", "red", [ "v-24", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:GND.1", "btn1:2.r", "black", [ "v-16", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:11", "btn2:1.r", "orange", [ "v-32", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:GND.1", "btn2:2.r", "black", [ "v-16", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:10", "btn3:1.r", "yellow", [ "v-38", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:GND.1", "btn3:2.r", "black", [ "v-16", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:9", "btn4:1.r", "green", [ "v-46", "h20" ] ],
    [ "uno:GND.1", "btn4:2.r", "black", [ "v-16", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:7", "btn5:1.r", "cyan", [ "v-56", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:GND.1", "btn5:2.r", "black", [ "v-16", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:6", "btn6:1.r", "blue", [ "v-48", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:GND.1", "btn6:2.r", "black", [ "v-16", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:5", "btn7:1.r", "purple", [ "v-40", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:GND.1", "btn7:2.r", "black", [ "v-16", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:4", "btn8:1.r", "red", [ "v-32", "h0" ] ],
    [ "uno:GND.1", "btn8:2.r", "black", [ "v-16", "h0" ] ]
  ]
}

Button Connections (Digital Pins)

Each button has 3 pins: LED+, Common, Signal

Button 1 (Red):

Signal wire (Red) → Arduino Pin 13
LED+ → Arduino Pin 13 (shared with signal)
Common/GND → Arduino GND

Button 2 (Orange):

Signal wire (Orange) → Arduino Pin 12
LED+ → Arduino Pin 12
Common/GND → Arduino GND

Button 3 (Yellow):

Signal wire (Yellow) → Arduino Pin 11
LED+ → Arduino Pin 11
Common/GND → Arduino GND

Button 4 (Green):

Signal wire (Green) → Arduino Pin 10
LED+ → Arduino Pin 10
Common/GND → Arduino GND

Button 5 (Cyan):

Signal wire (Cyan) → Arduino Pin 9
LED+ → Arduino Pin 9
Common/GND → Arduino GND

Button 6 (Blue):

Signal wire (Blue) → Arduino Pin 8
LED+ → Arduino Pin 8
Common/GND → Arduino GND

Button 7 (Purple):

Signal wire (Purple) → Arduino Pin 7
LED+ → Arduino Pin 7
Common/GND → Arduino GND

Button 8 (Red):

Signal wire (Red) → Arduino Pin 6
LED+ → Arduino Pin 6
Common/GND → Arduino GND

Buzzer Connection

Positive (+) → Arduino Pin 5 (or any PWM pin)
Negative (-) → Arduino GND

PITCHES.h

/**************************************************
   This file defines constants with the frequency
   of different musical notes.
 *************************************************/

#define NOTE_B0  31
#define NOTE_C1  33
#define NOTE_CS1 35
#define NOTE_D1  37
#define NOTE_DS1 39
#define NOTE_E1  41
#define NOTE_F1  44
#define NOTE_FS1 46
#define NOTE_G1  49
#define NOTE_GS1 52
#define NOTE_A1  55
#define NOTE_AS1 58
#define NOTE_B1  62
#define NOTE_C2  65
#define NOTE_CS2 69
#define NOTE_D2  73
#define NOTE_DS2 78
#define NOTE_E2  82
#define NOTE_F2  87
#define NOTE_FS2 93
#define NOTE_G2  98
#define NOTE_GS2 104
#define NOTE_A2  110
#define NOTE_AS2 117
#define NOTE_B2  123
#define NOTE_C3  131
#define NOTE_CS3 139
#define NOTE_D3  147
#define NOTE_DS3 156
#define NOTE_E3  165
#define NOTE_F3  175
#define NOTE_FS3 185
#define NOTE_G3  196
#define NOTE_GS3 208
#define NOTE_A3  220
#define NOTE_AS3 233
#define NOTE_B3  247
#define NOTE_C4  262
#define NOTE_CS4 277
#define NOTE_D4  294
#define NOTE_DS4 311
#define NOTE_E4  330
#define NOTE_F4  349
#define NOTE_FS4 370
#define NOTE_G4  392
#define NOTE_GS4 415
#define NOTE_A4  440
#define NOTE_AS4 466
#define NOTE_B4  494
#define NOTE_C5  523
#define NOTE_CS5 554
#define NOTE_D5  587
#define NOTE_DS5 622
#define NOTE_E5  659
#define NOTE_F5  698
#define NOTE_FS5 740
#define NOTE_G5  784
#define NOTE_GS5 831
#define NOTE_A5  880
#define NOTE_AS5 932
#define NOTE_B5  988
#define NOTE_C6  1047
#define NOTE_CS6 1109
#define NOTE_D6  1175
#define NOTE_DS6 1245
#define NOTE_E6  1319
#define NOTE_F6  1397
#define NOTE_FS6 1480
#define NOTE_G6  1568
#define NOTE_GS6 1661
#define NOTE_A6  1760
#define NOTE_AS6 1865
#define NOTE_B6  1976
#define NOTE_C7  2093
#define NOTE_CS7 2217
#define NOTE_D7  2349
#define NOTE_DS7 2489
#define NOTE_E7  2637
#define NOTE_F7  2794
#define NOTE_FS7 2960
#define NOTE_G7  3136
#define NOTE_GS7 3322
#define NOTE_A7  3520
#define NOTE_AS7 3729
#define NOTE_B7  3951
#define NOTE_C8  4186
#define NOTE_CS8 4435
#define NOTE_D8  4699
#define NOTE_DS8 4978

4. How It Works

Basic Operation:

Idle State

All button LEDs are OFF
System waits for button press
Buzzer is silent

Button Press Event
- User presses any colored button
- Button's LED lights up
- Buzzer plays corresponding musical note
- Specific frequency matches the color/position
Musical Notes Mapping

   Red (1)    → C4 (261 Hz)
   Orange (2) → D4 (294 Hz)
   Yellow (3) → E4 (330 Hz)
   Green (4)  → F4 (349 Hz)
   Cyan (5)   → G4 (392 Hz)
   Blue (6)   → A4 (440 Hz)
   Purple (7) → B4 (494 Hz)
   Red (8)    → C5 (523 Hz)

Release
- When button released → LED turns OFF
- Buzzer stops playing

5. Programming Logic

/**
   Mini piano for Arduino.

   You can control the colorful buttons with your keyboard:
   After starting the simulation, click anywhere in the diagram to focus it.
   Then press any key between 1 and 8 to play the piano (1 is the lowest note,
   8 is the highest).

   Copyright (C) 2021, Uri Shaked. Released under the MIT License.
*/

#include "pitches.h"

#define SPEAKER_PIN 8

const uint8_t buttonPins[] = { 12, 11, 10, 9, 7, 6, 5, 4 };
const int buttonTones[] = {
  NOTE_C4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_F4,
  NOTE_G4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_B4, NOTE_C5
};
const int numTones = sizeof(buttonPins) / sizeof(buttonPins[0]);

void setup() {
  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < numTones; i++) {
    pinMode(buttonPins[i], INPUT_PULLUP);
  }
  pinMode(SPEAKER_PIN, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  int pitch = 0;
  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < numTones; i++) {
    if (digitalRead(buttonPins[i]) == LOW) {
      pitch = buttonTones[i];
    }
  }
  if (pitch) {
    tone(SPEAKER_PIN, pitch);
  } else {
    noTone(SPEAKER_PIN);
  }
}

7. Step-by-Step Wokwi Setup

Add Components
- Drag Arduino Uno to canvas
- Add 8 push buttons with LEDs
- Add 1 buzzer component
Arrange Layout
- Place buttons in a horizontal row
- Position buzzer near Arduino
- Organize for clean wiring
Wire Buttons (Left to Right)
- Button 1 signal → Pin 13
- Button 2 signal → Pin 12
- Button 3 signal → Pin 11
- Button 4 signal → Pin 10
- Button 5 signal → Pin 9
- Button 6 signal → Pin 8
- Button 7 signal → Pin 7
- Button 8 signal → Pin 6
- All button GND → Arduino GND
Wire Buzzer
- Buzzer + → Pin 5
- Buzzer - → GND
Upload Code
- Paste the code above
- Click "Start Simulation"
Test
- Click each button
- Verify LED lights up
- Listen to corresponding note

8. Applications

🎹 Musical Instrument - Simple piano/keyboard
🎮 Simon Says Game - Memory game
🎵 Music Learning Tool - Teaching musical scales
🎨 Color-Sound Association - Educational toy
🎼 Melody Composer - Create simple tunes
🔊 Sound Effects Board - Custom sound triggers
👶 Kids Toy - Interactive sensory device

ROBOTICS

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ColorChord (Interactive Musical Color Sequencer) using Arduino Uno and Wowki simulator