Arduino Color Detection Project Using Adafruit TCS34725 RGB Color Sensor

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 Arduino Color Detection System using Adafruit TCS34725 RGB Color Sensor

Build a high-accuracy Arduino color detection system using the powerful TCS34725 RGB Color Sensor and display real-time RGB values on both LCD and OLED screens. This project is ideal for automation, smart quality inspection, robotics, and industrial color sorting applications.

Powered by the reliable Arduino Uno, the system uses I2C communication to capture precise red, green, blue, and ambient (clear) light values with excellent stability under different lighting conditions.

 Arduino Color Detection Project Overview

This Arduino-based color recognition system reads raw 16-bit RGB data from the sensor, processes it, identifies dominant colors, and displays:

  • Detected color name (RED, GREEN, BLUE, etc.)

  • Real-time RGB intensity values

  • Graphical RGB bar visualization on OLED

  • Serial monitor debug data

The built-in IR blocking filter of the TCS34725 ensures improved color accuracy by reducing infrared interference — making it far superior to basic RGB modules.

 Key Features of This Arduino Color Sensor Project

✅ High-precision RGB color detection
✅ 16-bit color resolution
✅ Ambient light (Clear channel) measurement
✅ I2C communication (minimal wiring)
✅ Adjustable gain & integration time
✅ Compatible with 3.3V and 5V systems
✅ Real-time LCD display output
✅ OLED graphical RGB bars
✅ Onboard LED illumination for stable readings

 Components Used

  • Arduino Uno

  • Adafruit TCS34725 RGB Color Sensor

  • 16x2 I2C LCD Display

  • SSD1306 OLED Display

  • Jumper wires

  • Breadboard

How the Arduino Color Detection System Works

1️⃣ Color Sensing

The TCS34725 captures:

  • Red value

  • Green value

  • Blue value

  • Clear (ambient light)

2️⃣ Data Processing

The Arduino:

  • Reads raw 16-bit RGB values

  • Maps values into a usable range

  • Compares dominant RGB components

  • Determines detected color

3️⃣ Display Output

  • LCD shows detected color name

  • OLED displays graphical RGB bars

  • Serial Monitor prints detailed values

Color Identification Logic (From Your Code)

The system determines color based on dominant RGB values:

  • If R > G & R > B → RED

  • If G > R & G > B → GREEN

  • If B > R & B > G → BLUE

  • Equal combinations → Mixed colors

  • All equal → White / Neutral

This simple but effective logic works well for:

  • Object sorting

  • Packaging inspection

  • Smart automation

 OLED Visualization Feature

Your OLED implementation:

  • Draws real-time RGB bar graphs

  • Updates every 500 ms

  • Displays dynamic intensity changes

  • Creates a professional UI look

This makes the project ideal for demonstrations and industrial-style prototypes.

Applications of Arduino Color Detection System

 Industrial Automation

  • Smart color sorting machines

  • Packaging verification

  • Label color validation

 Food & Agriculture

  • Fruit ripeness detection

  • Vegetable grading

  • Food freshness monitoring

Robotics

  • Line-following robots with color detection

  • Object classification bots

  • Automated warehouse systems

 Education

  • STEM learning projects

  • Embedded systems labs

  • IoT prototype development

Why Use the TCS34725 Instead of Basic RGB Modules?

The Adafruit TCS34725 RGB Color Sensor offers:

✔ Integrated IR filter
✔ 16-bit precision
✔ Wide dynamic range
✔ Stable readings in ambient light
✔ Reliable I2C communication
✔ Adjustable sensitivity

Compared to low-cost RGB sensors, it provides significantly higher accuracy and stability for real-world automation.


Coding:
#include <Wire.h>
#include "Adafruit_TCS34725.h"
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#define WIDTH 128
#define HEIGHT 64

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 20, 4);
Adafruit_TCS34725 tcs = Adafruit_TCS34725(TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_50MS, TCS34725_GAIN_4X);
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(WIDTH, HEIGHT, &Wire, 1);

void setup(void) {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  if (tcs.begin()) {
    Serial.println("Found sensor");
  }
  else {
    Serial.println("No TCS34725 found ... check your connections");
    while (1);
  }

  lcd.init();
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.backlight();


  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);

 
  if(!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3c)){
     Serial.println("OLED not found");
   }

  Serial.println("OLED FIND");
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextColor(WHITE);
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setCursor(0,28);
  display.println("hello");
  display.display();
 
 pinMode(A0, OUTPUT);
 digitalWrite(A0, HIGH);

}

void loop(void) {
 uint16_t red, green, blue, c;
 tcs.getRawData(&red, &green, &blue, &c); // 색상 감지 센서에서 측정 값 받아오기

// 색상 감지 센서에서 받아온 데이터 값을 사용 가능하게끔 수치 변경
int r =map(red,0,21504,0,1025);
int g =map(green,0,21504,0,1025);
int b =map(blue,0,21504,0,1025);

  Serial.print("R: "); Serial.print(r, DEC); Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print("G: "); Serial.print(g, DEC); Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print("B: "); Serial.print(b, DEC); Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print("C: "); Serial.print(c, DEC); Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.println(" ");

  if(r > g && r > b){
   
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("RED");
   
  }
  else if(g > r && g > b){
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("GREEN");
     
  }
  else if(b > r && b > g){
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("BLUE");
     
  }
  else if( g == b && r == b){
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("ALL");
  }
  else if( g == b && g > r){
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("GREEN & BLUE");
  }
  else if(g == r && g > b){
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("GREEN & RED");
  }
  else if(r == b && r > g){
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("RED & BLUE");

  }
  else{
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("else");
  }

    display.clearDisplay();

  // Draw red bar
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0, 0);
  display.print("R:");
  display.fillRect(20, 0, r, 10, SSD1306_WHITE);

  // Draw green bar
  display.setCursor(0, 15);
  display.print("G:");
  display.fillRect(20, 15, g, 10, SSD1306_WHITE);

  // Draw blue bar
  display.setCursor(0, 30);
  display.print("B:");
  display.fillRect(20, 30, b, 10, SSD1306_WHITE);

  display.display();



  delay(500);
}

 

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