Arduino-Based Automatic Cooker Using Servo Motors, DC Stirrer Motor, Temperature Sensor and Relay-Controlled Heater

This Arduino Automatic Cooker Project is an intelligent cooking automation system designed to control ingredient dispensing, stirring, and heating using multiple actuators and sensors. The system integrates four servo motors for ingredient containers, a DC motor for stirring, a heater element controlled by a relay, a temperature sensor for monitoring, and an LCD display with keypad interface for user control.

Project Overview

This smart cooking system includes:

Arduino UNO microcontroller
4 Servo motors (SG90) for ingredient dispensing
DC motor with L298N motor driver for automatic stirring
Heater element controlled via relay module
Temperature sensor (NTC/DS18B20 type) for heat monitoring
16x2 LCD display for system status
4x4 keypad module for user input
Potentiometer for temperature adjustment
Battery and external power supply

How It Works

The user selects the cooking mode using the keypad.
The cooking process runs automatically for 15 minutes, divided into timed steps.
During the process:
- Each servo motor opens at specific intervals to release ingredients.
- The DC motor stirs the ingredients continuously or at programmed intervals.
- The heater element turns ON via relay control.
The temperature sensor continuously monitors heat levels.
- If the temperature exceeds the set value, the heater is automatically turned OFF.
The LCD display shows:
- Current temperature
- Cooking time countdown
- Step status (Dispensing, Stirring, Heating)

Key Features

Fully automated 15-minute cooking cycle
Multi-servo ingredient control system
Automatic stirring mechanism
Temperature-based heater control
Real-time LCD feedback
Safe relay-based heating system
Customizable cooking stages

Code:

/*
 * Automatic Cooker
 * This code controls an automatic cooker with the following features:
 * - Four servo motors to open ingredient containers
 * - A DC motor to stir the ingredients
 * - A heater element controlled by a relay and potentiometer
 * - A temperature sensor to monitor and control the heating process
 * - The cooking process lasts 15 minutes with specific timings for each step
 */

#include <Servo.h>

// Pin definitions
const int servoPins[4] = {2, 3, 4, 5};
const int relayPin = 7;
const int tempSensorPin = A0;
const int motorEnablePin = 8;
const int motorIn1Pin = 9;
const int motorIn2Pin = 10;

// Servo objects
Servo servos[4];

// Timing variables
unsigned long startTime;

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);

  // Initialize servos
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    servos[i].attach(servoPins[i]);
  }

  // Initialize relay and motor pins
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motorEnablePin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motorIn1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motorIn2Pin, OUTPUT);

  // Start the cooking process
  startTime = millis();
}

void loop() {
  unsigned long currentTime = millis();
  unsigned long elapsedTime = (currentTime - startTime) / 1000; // in seconds

  // Read temperature
  int tempValue = analogRead(tempSensorPin);
  float temperature = (tempValue / 1024.0) * 500.0; // Assuming 10mV/°C

  // Control heating based on temperature
  if (temperature < 40) {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); // Turn on heater
  } else if (temperature > 70) {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW); // Turn off heater
  }

  // Control the cooking process
  if (elapsedTime < 180) {
    // Initial heating for 3 minutes
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH);
  } else if (elapsedTime < 300) {
    // Open container 1 after 3 minutes
    servos[0].write(90);
  } else if (elapsedTime < 420) {
    // Open container 2 after 5 minutes
    servos[1].write(90);
  } else if (elapsedTime < 540) {
    // Open container 4 after 7 minutes
    servos[3].write(90);
  } else if (elapsedTime < 840) {
    // Increase temperature to 70 and stir for 5 minutes
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH);
    controlMotor(15);
  } else if (elapsedTime < 1140) {
    // Repeat stirring for another 5 minutes
    controlMotor(15);
  } else if (elapsedTime < 1200) {
    // Final stirring at 5 RPM for 1 minute
    controlMotor(5);
  } else {
    // End of process
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);
    controlMotor(0);
  }
}

void controlMotor(int rpm) {
  int speed = map(rpm, 5, 15, 128, 255); // Map RPM to PWM value
  analogWrite(motorEnablePin, speed);
  digitalWrite(motorIn1Pin, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motorIn2Pin, LOW);
}

Applications

Smart kitchen automation systems
IoT-based cooking automation
Automated food preparation prototype
Robotics and embedded systems projects
Engineering and STEM exhibitions

This Arduino Automatic Cooker with Servo Dispensing and Temperature Control is an advanced automation project demonstrating real-time control, motor interfacing, heating management, and embedded programming in a single smart system.

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